Temporary Shelters are Buildings used in remote locations to serve villager needs instead of travel back to the core settlement.
When Temporary Shelters are stocked with food and other goods, villagers will source needed food/water/firewood/goods from these buildings instead of returning to their homes.
Villagers do not actually reside in temporary shelters, but instead retain residency (and benefits of their residency) of their primary shelter back in the main settlement.
Additionally, in extreme weather conditions like Deadly Cold, temporary shelters can be used for emergency shelter-in-place rather than having villagers travel back to their primary shelters. This capability greatly reduces risk of cold-related injury or death for villager working far from their place of permanent residence.
Basic Strategy
Temporary Shelters should be built near remote work camps or mining sites, if a wagon depot has been built the shelter will be stocked with goods regardless of distance.
Care should be taken to avoid building temporary shelters too close to the main settlement, as villagers will prioritize the settlement over the Temporary Shelter to acquire goods.