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    Farthest Frontier

    Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities/sandbox

    Documentation for this module may be created at Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities/sandbox/doc

    --[[
    History of changes since last sync: 2022-01-22
    
    ]]
    
    local z = {
    	error_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations that contain errors
    	error_ids_t = {};															-- list of error identifiers; used to prevent duplication of certain errors; local to this module
    	error_msgs_t = {};															-- sequence table of error messages
    	maint_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work
    	prop_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations based on certain properties, language of source for instance
    	prop_keys_t = {};															-- for adding classes to the citation's <cite> tag
    };
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------
    ]]
    
    local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< I S _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    Returns true if argument is set; false otherwise. Argument is 'set' when it exists (not nil) or when it is not an empty string.
    
    ]]
    
    local function is_set (var)
    	return not (var == nil or var == '');
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< I N _ A R R A Y >--------------------------------------------------------------
    
    Whether needle is in haystack
    
    ]]
    
    local function in_array (needle, haystack)
    	if needle == nil then
    		return false;
    	end
    	for n, v in ipairs (haystack) do
    		if v == needle then
    			return n;
    		end
    	end
    	return false;
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< H A S _ A C C E P T _ A S _ W R I T T E N >------------------------------------
    
    When <str> is wholly wrapped in accept-as-written markup, return <str> without markup and true; return <str> and false else
    
    with allow_empty = false, <str> must have at least one character inside the markup
    with allow_empty = true, <str> the markup frame can be empty like (()) to distinguish an empty template parameter from the specific condition "has no applicable value" in citation-context.
    
    After further evaluation the two cases might be merged at a later stage, but should be kept separated for now.
    
    ]]
    
    local function has_accept_as_written (str, allow_empty)
    	if not is_set (str) then
    		return str, false;
    	end
    
    	local count;
    
    	if true == allow_empty then
    		str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$', '%1'); 						-- allows (()) to be an empty set
    	else
    		str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1');
    	end
    	return str, 0 ~= count;
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< S U B S T I T U T E >----------------------------------------------------------
    
    Populates numbered arguments in a message string using an argument table. <args> may be a single string or a
    sequence table of multiple strings.
    
    ]]
    
    local function substitute (msg, args)
    	return args and mw.message.newRawMessage (msg, args):plain() or msg;
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< E R R O R _ C O M M E N T >----------------------------------------------------
    
    Wraps error messages with CSS markup according to the state of hidden. <content> may be a single string or a
    sequence table of multiple strings.
    
    ]]
    
    local function error_comment (content, hidden)
    	return substitute (hidden and cfg.presentation['hidden-error'] or cfg.presentation['visible-error'], content);
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >--------------------------------------------------
    
    Converts a hyphen to a dash under certain conditions.  The hyphen must separate
    like items; unlike items are returned unmodified.  These forms are modified:
    	letter - letter (A - B)
    	digit - digit (4-5)
    	digit separator digit - digit separator digit (4.1-4.5 or 4-1-4-5)
    	letterdigit - letterdigit (A1-A5) (an optional separator between letter and
    		digit is supported – a.1-a.5 or a-1-a-5)
    	digitletter - digitletter (5a - 5d) (an optional separator between letter and
    		digit is supported – 5.a-5.d or 5-a-5-d)
    
    any other forms are returned unmodified.
    
    str may be a comma- or semicolon-separated list
    
    ]]
    
    local function hyphen_to_dash (str)
    	if not is_set (str) then
    		return str;
    	end
    
    	local accept;																-- boolean
    
    	str = str:gsub ("(%(%(.-%)%))", function(m) return m:gsub(",", ","):gsub(";", ";") end) -- replace commas and semicolons in accept-as-written markup with similar unicode characters so they'll be ignored during the split	
    	str = str:gsub ('&[nm]dash;', {['&ndash;'] = '–', ['&mdash;'] = '—'});		-- replace &mdash; and &ndash; entities with their characters; semicolon mucks up the text.split
    	str = str:gsub ('&#45;', '-'); -- replace HTML numeric entity with hyphen character
    	str = str:gsub ('&nbsp;', ' '); -- replace &nbsp; entity with generic keyboard space character
    	
    	local out = {};
    	local list = mw.text.split (str, '%s*[,;]%s*');								-- split str at comma or semicolon separators if there are any
    
    	for _, item in ipairs (list) do												-- for each item in the list
    		item, accept = has_accept_as_written (item);							-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of item
    		if not accept and mw.ustring.match (item, '^%w*[%.%-]?%w+%s*[%-–—]%s*%w*[%.%-]?%w+$') then	-- if a hyphenated range or has endash or emdash separators
    			if item:match ('^%a+[%.%-]?%d+%s*%-%s*%a+[%.%-]?%d+$') or			-- letterdigit hyphen letterdigit (optional separator between letter and digit)
    				item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]?%a+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]?%a+$') or			-- digitletter hyphen digitletter (optional separator between digit and letter)
    				item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]%d+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]%d+$') or			-- digit separator digit hyphen digit separator digit
    				item:match ('^%d+%s*%-%s*%d+$') or								-- digit hyphen digit
    				item:match ('^%a+%s*%-%s*%a+$') then							-- letter hyphen letter
    					item = item:gsub ('(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)%s*%-%s*(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)', '%1–%2');	-- replace hyphen, remove extraneous space characters
    			else
    				item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '%s*[–—]%s*', '–');				-- for endash or emdash separated ranges, replace em with en, remove extraneous whitespace
    			end
    		end
    		table.insert (out, item);												-- add the (possibly modified) item to the output table
    	end
    
    	local temp_str = '';														-- concatenate the output table into a comma separated string
    	temp_str, accept = has_accept_as_written (table.concat (out, ', '));		-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of concatenated out
    	if accept then
    		temp_str = has_accept_as_written (str);									-- when global markup removed, return original str; do it this way to suppress boolean second return value
    		return temp_str:gsub(",", ","):gsub(";", ";");
    	else
    		return temp_str:gsub(",", ","):gsub(";", ";");						-- else, return assembled temp_str
    	end
    end
    
    
    --[=[-------------------------< M A K E _ W I K I L I N K >----------------------------------------------------
    
    Makes a wikilink; when both link and display text is provided, returns a wikilink in the form [[L|D]]; if only
    link is provided (or link and display are the same), returns a wikilink in the form [[L]]; if neither are
    provided or link is omitted, returns an empty string.
    
    ]=]
    
    local function make_wikilink (link, display)
    	if not is_set (link) then return '' end
    
    	if is_set (display) and link ~= display then			
    		return table.concat ({'[[', link, '|', display, ']]'});			
    	else
    		return table.concat ({'[[', link, ']]'});
    	end
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< S E T _ M E S S A G E >----------------------------------------------------------
    
    Sets an error message using the ~/Configuration error_conditions{} table along with arguments supplied in the function
    call, inserts the resulting message in z.error_msgs_t{} sequence table, and returns the error message.
    
    <error_id> – key value for appropriate error handler in ~/Configuration error_conditions{} table 
    <arguments> – may be a single string or a sequence table of multiple strings to be subsititued into error_conditions[error_id].message
    <raw> – boolean
    	true –	causes this function to return the error message not wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag;
    			returns error_conditions[error_id].hidden as a second return value
    			does not add message to z.error_msgs_t sequence table
    	false, nil – adds message wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag to z.error_msgs_t
    			returns the error message wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag; there is no second return value
    <prefix> – string to be prepended to <message>									-- TODO: remove support for these unused(?) arguments?
    <suffix> – string to be appended to <message>
    
    TODO: change z.error_cats_t and z.maint_cats_t to have the form cat_name = true?  this to avoid dups without having to have an extra table
    
    ]]
    
    local added_maint_cats = {}														-- list of maintenance categories that have been added to z.maint_cats_t; TODO: figure out how to delete this table
    
    local function set_message (error_id, arguments, raw, prefix, suffix)
    	local error_state = cfg.error_conditions[error_id];
    	
    	prefix = prefix or '';
    	suffix = suffix or '';
    	
    	if error_state == nil then
    		error (cfg.messages['undefined_error'] .. ': ' .. error_id);			-- because missing error handler in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
    
    	elseif is_set (error_state.category) then
    		if error_state.message then												-- when error_state.message defined, this is an error message
    			table.insert (z.error_cats_t, error_state.category);
    		else
    			if not added_maint_cats[error_id] then
    				added_maint_cats[error_id] = true;								-- note that we've added this category
    				table.insert (z.maint_cats_t, substitute (error_state.category, arguments));	-- make cat name then add to table
    			end
    			return;																-- because no message, nothing more to do
    		end
    	end
    
    	local message = substitute (error_state.message, arguments);
    
    	message = table.concat (
    		{
    		message,
    		' (',
    		make_wikilink (
    			table.concat (
    				{
    				cfg.messages['help page link'],
    				'#',
    				error_state.anchor
    				}),
    			cfg.messages['help page label']),
    		')'
    		});
    
    	z.error_ids_t[error_id] = true;
    	if z.error_ids_t['err_citation_missing_title'] and							-- if missing-title error already noted
    		in_array (error_id, {'err_bare_url_missing_title', 'err_trans_missing_title'}) then		-- and this error is one of these
    			return '', false;													-- don't bother because one flavor of missing title is sufficient
    	end
    	
    	message = table.concat ({prefix, message, suffix});
    
    	if true == raw then
    		return message, error_state.hidden;										-- return message not wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag
    	end		
    
    	message = error_comment (message, error_state.hidden);						-- wrap message in visible-error, hidden-error span tag
    	table.insert (z.error_msgs_t, message);										-- add it to the messages sequence table
    	return message;																-- and done; return value generally not used but is used as a flag in various functions of ~/Identifiers
    end
    
    
    --[[-------------------------< I S _ A L I A S _ U S E D >-----------------------------------------------------
    
    This function is used by select_one() to determine if one of a list of alias parameters is in the argument list
    provided by the template.
    
    Input:
    	args – pointer to the arguments table from calling template
    	alias – one of the list of possible aliases in the aliases lists from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
    	index – for enumerated parameters, identifies which one
    	enumerated – true/false flag used to choose how enumerated aliases are examined
    	value – value associated with an alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected
    	selected – the alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected
    	error_list – list of aliases that are duplicates of the alias already selected
    
    Returns:
    	value – value associated with alias we selected or that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected
    	selected – the alias we selected or the alias that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected
    
    ]]
    
    local function is_alias_used (args, alias, index, enumerated, value, selected, error_list)
    	if enumerated then															-- is this a test for an enumerated parameters?
    		alias = alias:gsub ('#', index);										-- replace '#' with the value in index
    	else
    		alias = alias:gsub ('#', '');											-- remove '#' if it exists
    	end
    
    	if is_set (args[alias]) then												-- alias is in the template's argument list
    		if value ~= nil and selected ~= alias then								-- if we have already selected one of the aliases
    			local skip;
    			for _, v in ipairs (error_list) do									-- spin through the error list to see if we've added this alias
    				if v == alias then
    					skip = true;
    					break;														-- has been added so stop looking 
    				end
    			end
    			if not skip then													-- has not been added so
    				table.insert (error_list, alias);								-- add error alias to the error list
    			end
    		else
    			value = args[alias];												-- not yet selected an alias, so select this one
    			selected = alias;
    		end
    	end
    	return value, selected;														-- return newly selected alias, or previously selected alias
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< A D D _ M A I N T _ C A T >------------------------------------------------------
    
    Adds a category to z.maint_cats_t using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.
    To prevent duplication, the added_maint_cats table lists the categories by key that have been added to z.maint_cats_t.
    
    ]]
    
    local function add_maint_cat (key, arguments)
    	if not added_maint_cats [key] then
    		added_maint_cats [key] = true;											-- note that we've added this category
    		table.insert (z.maint_cats_t, substitute (cfg.maint_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table
    	end
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< A D D _ P R O P _ C A T >--------------------------------------------------------
    
    Adds a category to z.prop_cats_t using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.
    
    foreign_lang_source and foreign_lang_source_2 keys have a language code appended to them so that multiple languages
    may be categorized but multiples of the same language are not categorized.
    
    added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above
    
    ]]
    
    local added_prop_cats = {};														-- list of property categories that have been added to z.prop_cats_t
    
    local function add_prop_cat (key, arguments, key_modifier)
    	local key_modified = key .. ((key_modifier and key_modifier) or '');		-- modify <key> with <key_modifier> if present and not nil
    	
    	if not added_prop_cats [key_modified] then
    		added_prop_cats [key_modified] = true;									-- note that we've added this category
    		table.insert (z.prop_cats_t, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table
    		table.insert (z.prop_keys_t, 'cs1-prop-' .. key);						-- convert key to class for use in the citation's <cite> tag
    	end
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< S A F E _ F O R _ I T A L I C S >----------------------------------------------
    
    Protects a string that will be wrapped in wiki italic markup '' ... ''
    
    Note: We cannot use <i> for italics, as the expected behavior for italics specified by ''...'' in the title is that
    they will be inverted (i.e. unitalicized) in the resulting references.  In addition, <i> and '' tend to interact
    poorly under Mediawiki's HTML tidy.
    
    ]]
    
    local function safe_for_italics (str)
    	if not is_set (str) then return str end
    
    	if str:sub (1, 1) == "'" then str = "<span></span>" .. str; end
    	if str:sub (-1, -1) == "'" then str = str .. "<span></span>"; end
    	
    	return str:gsub ('\n', ' ');												-- Remove newlines as they break italics.
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< W R A P _ S T Y L E >----------------------------------------------------------
    
    Applies styling to various parameters.  Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list configuration taking one
    argument; protects italic styled parameters.  Additional text taken from citation_config.presentation - the reason
    this function is similar to but separate from wrap_msg().
    
    ]]
    
    local function wrap_style (key, str)
    	if not is_set (str) then
    		return "";
    	elseif in_array (key, {'italic-title', 'trans-italic-title'}) then
    		str = safe_for_italics (str);
    	end
    
    	return substitute (cfg.presentation[key], {str});
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< M A K E _ S E P _ L I S T >------------------------------------------------------------
    
    make a separated list of items using provided separators.
    	<sep_list> - typically '<comma><space>'
    	<sep_list_pair> - typically '<space>and<space>'
    	<sep_list_end> - typically '<comma><space>and<space>' or '<comma><space>&<space>'
    
    defaults to cfg.presentation['sep_list'], cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'], and cfg.presentation['sep_list_end']
    if <sep_list_end> is specified, <sep_list> and <sep_list_pair> must also be supplied
    
    ]]
    
    local function make_sep_list (count, list_seq, sep_list, sep_list_pair, sep_list_end)
    	local list = '';
    
    	if not sep_list then														-- set the defaults
    		sep_list = cfg.presentation['sep_list'];
    		sep_list_pair = cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'];
    		sep_list_end = cfg.presentation['sep_list_end'];
    	end
    	
    	if 2 >= count then
    		list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list_pair);							-- insert separator between two items; returns list_seq[1] then only one item
    	elseif 2 < count then
    		list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list, 1, count - 1);					-- concatenate all but last item with plain list separator
    		list = table.concat ({list, list_seq[count]}, sep_list_end);			-- concatenate last item onto end of <list> with final separator
    	end
    	
    	return list;
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< S E L E C T _ O N E >----------------------------------------------------------
    
    Chooses one matching parameter from a list of parameters to consider.  The list of parameters to consider is just
    names.  For parameters that may be enumerated, the position of the numerator in the parameter name is identified
    by the '#' so |author-last1= and |author1-last= are represented as 'author-last#' and 'author#-last'.
    
    Because enumerated parameter |<param>1= is an alias of |<param>= we must test for both possibilities.
    
    
    Generates an error if more than one match is present.
    
    ]]
    
    local function select_one (args, aliases_list, error_condition, index)
    	local value = nil;															-- the value assigned to the selected parameter
    	local selected = '';														-- the name of the parameter we have chosen
    	local error_list = {};
    
    	if index ~= nil then index = tostring(index); end
    
    	for _, alias in ipairs (aliases_list) do									-- for each alias in the aliases list
    		if alias:match ('#') then												-- if this alias can be enumerated
    			if '1' == index then												-- when index is 1 test for enumerated and non-enumerated aliases
    				value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list);	-- first test for non-enumerated alias
    			end
    			value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, true, value, selected, error_list);	-- test for enumerated alias
    		else
    			value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list);	-- test for non-enumerated alias
    		end
    	end
    
    	if #error_list > 0 and 'none' ~= error_condition then						-- for cases where this code is used outside of extract_names()
    		for i, v in ipairs (error_list) do
    			error_list[i] = wrap_style ('parameter', v);
    		end
    		table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', selected));
    		set_message (error_condition, {make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)});
    	end
    	
    	return value, selected;
    end
    
    
    --[=[-------------------------< R E M O V E _ W I K I _ L I N K >----------------------------------------------
    
    Gets the display text from a wikilink like [[A|B]] or [[B]] gives B
    
    The str:gsub() returns either A|B froma [[A|B]] or B from [[B]] or B from B (no wikilink markup).
    
    In l(), l:gsub() removes the link and pipe (if they exist); the second :gsub() trims whitespace from the label
    if str was wrapped in wikilink markup.  Presumably, this is because without wikimarkup in str, there is no match
    in the initial gsub, the replacement function l() doesn't get called.
    
    ]=]
    
    local function remove_wiki_link (str)
    	return (str:gsub ("%[%[([^%[%]]*)%]%]", function(l)
    		return l:gsub ("^[^|]*|(.*)$", "%1" ):gsub ("^%s*(.-)%s*$", "%1");
    	end));
    end
    
    
    --[=[-------------------------< I S _ W I K I L I N K >--------------------------------------------------------
    
    Determines if str is a wikilink, extracts, and returns the wikilink type, link text, and display text parts.
    If str is a complex wikilink ([[L|D]]):
    	returns wl_type 2 and D and L from [[L|D]];
    if str is a simple wikilink ([[D]])
    	returns wl_type 1 and D from [[D]] and L as empty string;
    if not a wikilink:
    	returns wl_type 0, str as D, and L as empty string.
    
    trims leading and trailing whitespace and pipes from L and D ([[L|]] and [[|D]] are accepted by MediaWiki and
    treated like [[D]]; while [[|D|]] is not accepted by MediaWiki, here, we accept it and return D without the pipes).
    
    ]=]
    
    local function is_wikilink (str)
    	local D, L
    	local wl_type = 2;															-- assume that str is a complex wikilink [[L|D]]
    
    	if not str:match ('^%[%[[^%]]+%]%]$') then									-- is str some sort of a wikilink (must have some sort of content)
    		return 0, str, '';														-- not a wikilink; return wl_type as 0, str as D, and empty string as L
    	end
    	
    	L, D = str:match ('^%[%[([^|]+)|([^%]]+)%]%]$');							-- get L and D from [[L|D]] 
    
    	if not is_set (D) then														-- if no separate display
    		D = str:match ('^%[%[([^%]]*)|*%]%]$');									-- get D from [[D]] or [[D|]]
    		wl_type = 1; 
    	end
    	
    	D = mw.text.trim (D, '%s|');												-- trim white space and pipe characters 
    	return wl_type, D, L or '';
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< S T R I P _ A P O S T R O P H E _ M A R K U P >--------------------------------
    
    Strip wiki italic and bold markup from argument so that it doesn't contaminate COinS metadata.
    This function strips common patterns of apostrophe markup.  We presume that editors who have taken the time to
    markup a title have, as a result, provided valid markup. When they don't, some single apostrophes are left behind.
    
    Returns the argument without wiki markup and a number; the number is more-or-less meaningless except as a flag
    to indicate that markup was replaced; do not rely on it as an indicator of how many of any kind of markup was
    removed; returns the argument and nil when no markup removed
    
    ]]
    
    local function strip_apostrophe_markup (argument)
    	if not is_set (argument) then
    		return argument, nil;													-- no argument, nothing to do
    	end
    
    	if nil == argument:find ( "''", 1, true ) then								-- Is there at least one double apostrophe?  If not, exit.
    		return argument, nil;
    	end
    
    	local flag;
    	while true do
    		if argument:find ("'''''", 1, true) then								-- bold italic (5)
    			argument, flag = argument:gsub ("%'%'%'%'%'", "");					-- remove all instances of it
    		elseif argument:find ("''''", 1, true) then								-- italic start and end without content (4)
    			argument, flag=argument:gsub ("%'%'%'%'", "");
    		elseif argument:find ("'''", 1, true) then								-- bold (3)
    			argument, flag=argument:gsub ("%'%'%'", "");
    		elseif argument:find ("''", 1, true) then								-- italic (2)
    			argument, flag = argument:gsub ("%'%'", "");
    		else
    			break;
    		end
    	end
    
    	return argument, flag;														-- done
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S >--------------------------------------
    
    Sets local cfg table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.
    
    ]]
    
    local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr)
    	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;
    	
    end
    
    
    --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T S >----------------------------------------------------------------
    ]]
    
    return {
    	add_maint_cat = add_maint_cat,												-- exported functions
    	add_prop_cat = add_prop_cat,
    	error_comment = error_comment,
    	has_accept_as_written = has_accept_as_written,
    	hyphen_to_dash = hyphen_to_dash,
    	in_array = in_array,
    	is_set = is_set,
    	is_wikilink = is_wikilink,
    	make_sep_list = make_sep_list,
    	make_wikilink = make_wikilink,
    	remove_wiki_link = remove_wiki_link,
    	safe_for_italics = safe_for_italics,
    	select_one = select_one,
    	set_message = set_message,
    	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
    	strip_apostrophe_markup = strip_apostrophe_markup,
    	substitute = substitute,
    	wrap_style = wrap_style,
    
    	z = z,																		-- exported table
    	}
    
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